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Verapamil Eliminates the Hierarchical Nature of Activation Frequencies From the Pulmonary Veins to the Atria During Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
Methods: Fast Fourier transform analysis to identify the DF was performed on electrograms
recorded at the right atrial free wall (RAFW), coronary sinus (CS), left
atrial appendage (LAA), and PVs during AF in 43 patients (mean age 57
years) with paroxysmal AF. Electrograms were recorded before and after
infusion of 0.1 mg/kg of verapamil.
atrial appendage (LAA), and PVs during AF in 43 patients (mean age 57
years) with paroxysmal AF. Electrograms were recorded before and after
infusion of 0.1 mg/kg of verapamil.
Results: At baseline, the maximum DF in the PVs (6.9 Hz) was significantly higher
than the DF at the RAFW (6.2 Hz), CS (5.7 Hz), and LAA (5.9 Hz).
Verapamil significantly increased DF at the RAFW, CS, and LAA to 6.9,
6.6, and 7.2 Hz, respectively. The maximum DF in the PVs increased to
7.1 Hz. After verapamil infusion, there was no significant difference in
DF between the atria and PVs.
Verapamil significantly increased DF at the RAFW, CS, and LAA to 6.9,
6.6, and 7.2 Hz, respectively. The maximum DF in the PVs increased to
7.1 Hz. After verapamil infusion, there was no significant difference in
DF between the atria and PVs.
Conclusions: The frequency gradient between the PVs and atria during an episode of
paroxysmal AF is abolished by verapamil.
Source : Heart Rhythm 2010;7:577-583.
Source : Heart Rhythm 2010;7:577-583.
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